Prof. Leonid A. Timokhov
UNESCO House
Tuesday,
19 June 2007
16:30
Room II
Leonid A. Timokhov
Director
German-Russian Laboratory for Polar and Marin e Research
State Research Center of the Russian Federation
Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI)
38 Bering Street
St. Petersburg 199397
Russian Federation
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Abstract
In this lecture the research in the Arctic Ocean and Southern Ocean are briefly described. It contains the information about oceans relief, climate in the polar regions and historical data of hydrographic and hydrochemical observations.
Structure of ice cover of both oceans, estimations of variability limits for different ice cover characteristics (area of ice distribution, ice thickness, fast ice area, polynya system) are described. Climate variability of ice circulation, area of its distribution, ice thickness and fast ice area are discussed. Contingency of ice circulation in the Arctic Ocean with types of atmosphere circulation is demonstrated. Cyclic character of climatic oscillations for ice cover characteristics and variability of linear trends for short observation sets are paid attention to. Large section is devoted to description of water mass. Sources and discharge of fresh and salt water, processes of water mass formation and water circulation schemes for the Arctic Ocean are described. Climatic variability data of salinity fields for surface layer and fresh water content for the Arctic Ocean, examples of state variability of Atlantic Waters (AW) for period from 70s to 90s for last century are contained in this lecture. Variability of AW temperature in the Arctic basin for last century is estimated. Presence of coherence of changes in ocean and atmosphere is observed. Possible mechanisms of state variability of the Arctic Ocean are discussed. Water mass and circulation of Southern Ocean waters and estimations of its state changes are briefly described. Large changes occurred in the Arctic within end of 20 th and the beginning of 21 st centuries are put an emphasis on. New data of significant increase of AW temperature in the Eurasian basin are demonstrated. Assumptions about possible impact of such great input of warm AW to the Arctic are discussed in this lecture. Basing on last changes in the Arctic and Antarctic and the beginning of International Polar Year 2007/2008 the problems of research of the Arctic and Southern oceans and their role in the World Ocean and Global climate system are discussed.
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Bio
Professor Leonid Alexandrovich Timokhov, born in 1938, is a distinguished scientist in the field of polar and marine research. Since 1989 he is Director of the German-Russian Laboratory for Polar and Marine Research and Chief of Scientists in the Oceanography Department of the State Research Center of the Russian Federation Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI).
He participated in 12 Arctic and Antarctic expeditions as an oceanographer and chief of expedition on boards of research ships. In 2002-2004 he has been co-chief of the American-Russian expeditions NABOS in the Laptev Sea.
Professor Timokhov held numerous international appointments, such as those of Coordinator from the Russian side of the “Nansen Amundsen Basins Observation System” (NABOS) project (2002-2007), Principal Investigator of the Russian-German joint project “The Laptev Sea System” (2002-2007), and Member of the Environment Working Group Arctic Climatology Subgroup of the US-Russian Joint Commission on Economic and Technological Cooperation (1995-1998).
He is the author of more than 85 publications.
Anton Bruun This series of lectures is dedicated to the memory of the noted Danish oceanographer and first chairman of the Commission, Dr Anton Frederick Bruun. The “Anton Bruun Memorial Lectures” were established in accordance with Resolution 19 of the Sixth Session of the IOC Assembly in 1970, to address important inter-sessional developments in the fields of solid earth studies, physical and chemical oceanography and meteorology, and marine biology.
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